Author: | David Goodger |
---|---|
Address: | 123 Example Street Example, EX Canada A1B 2C3 |
Contact: | goodger@python.org |
Authors: | Me
Myself I |
Organization: | humankind |
Date: | Now, or yesterday. Or maybe even before yesterday. |
Status: | This is a "work in progress" |
Revision: | is managed by a version control system. |
Version: | 1 |
Copyright: | This document has been placed in the public domain. You may do with it as you wish. You may copy, modify, redistribute, reattribute, sell, buy, rent, lease, destroy, or improve it, quote it at length, excerpt, incorporate, collate, fold, staple, or mutilate it, or do anything else to it that your or anyone else's heart desires. |
field name: | This is a "generic bibliographic field". |
field name "2": | Generic bibliographic fields may contain multiple body elements. Like this. |
Dedication
For Docutils users & co-developers.
Abstract
This is a test document, containing at least one example of each reStructuredText construct.
Table of Contents
Lone subsections are converted to a section subtitle by a transform activated with the --section-subtitles command line option or the sectsubtitle-xform configuration value.
Here's a transition:
It divides the section. Transitions may also occur between sections:
A paragraph.
Paragraphs contain text and may contain inline markup: emphasis, strong emphasis, inline literals, standalone hyperlinks (http://www.python.org), external hyperlinks (Python [5]), internal cross-references (example), external hyperlinks with embedded URIs (Python web site), anonymous hyperlink references [5] (a second reference [7]), footnote references (manually numbered [1], anonymous auto-numbered [3], labeled auto-numbered [2], or symbolic [*]), citation references ([CIT2002]), substitution references (), and inline hyperlink targets (see Targets below for a reference back to here). Character-level inline markup is also possible (although exceedingly ugly!) in reStructuredText. Problems are indicated by |problematic| text (generated by processing errors; this one is intentional). Here is a reference to the doctitle and the subtitle.
The default role for interpreted text is Title Reference. Here are
some explicit interpreted text roles: a PEP reference (PEP 287); an
RFC reference (RFC 2822); an abbreviation (abb.), an acronym
(reST), code (print "hello world"
); a subscript;
a superscript and explicit roles for Docutils'
standard inline markup.
Let's test wrapping and whitespace significance in inline literals: This is an example of --inline-literal --text, --including some-- strangely--hyphenated-words. Adjust-the-width-of-your-browser-window to see how the text is wrapped. -- ---- -------- Now note the spacing between the words of this sentence (words should be grouped in pairs).
If the --pep-references option was supplied, there should be a live link to PEP 258 here.
A bullet list
Item 2.
Paragraph 2 of item 2.
Arabic numerals.
Lists that don't start at 1:
Definition paragraph 1.
Definition paragraph 2.
what: | Field lists map field names to field bodies, like database records. They are often part of an extension syntax. They are an unambiguous variant of RFC 2822 fields. |
---|---|
how arg1 arg2: | The field marker is a colon, the field name, and a colon. The field body may contain one or more body elements, indented relative to the field marker. |
credits: | This paragraph has the credits class set. (This is actually not about credits but just for ensuring that the class attribute doesn't get stripped away.) |
For listing command-line options:
-a | command-line option "a" |
-b file | options can have arguments and long descriptions |
--long | options can be long also |
--input=file | long options can also have arguments |
--very-long-option | |
The description can also start on the next line. The description may contain multiple body elements, regardless of where it starts. | |
-x, -y, -z | Multiple options are an "option group". |
-v, --verbose | Commonly-seen: short & long options. |
-1 file, --one=file, --two file | |
Multiple options with arguments. | |
/V | DOS/VMS-style options too |
There must be at least two spaces between the option and the description.
Literal blocks are indicated with a double-colon ("::") at the end of the preceding paragraph (over there -->). They can be indented:
if literal_block: text = 'is left as-is' spaces_and_linebreaks = 'are preserved' markup_processing = None
Or they can be quoted without indentation:
>> Great idea! > > Why didn't I think of that?
This section tests line blocks. Line blocks are body elements which consist of lines and other line blocks. Nested line blocks cause indentation.
Another line block, surrounded by paragraphs:
Take it away, Eric the Orchestra Leader!
A one, two, a one two three fourHalf a bee, philosophically,must, ipso facto, half not be.But half the bee has got to be,vis a vis its entity. D'you see?But can a bee be said to beor not to be an entire bee,when half the bee is not a bee,due to some ancient injury?Singing...
A line block, like the following poem by Christian Morgenstern, can also be centre-aligned:
Block quotes consist of indented body elements:
My theory by A. Elk. Brackets Miss, brackets. This theory goes as follows and begins now. All brontosauruses are thin at one end, much much thicker in the middle and then thin again at the far end. That is my theory, it is mine, and belongs to me and I own it, and what it is too.
—Anne Elk (Miss)
The language of a quote (like any other object) can be specified by a class attribute:
ReStructuredText est un langage de balisage léger utilisé
notamment dans la documentation du langage Python.
>>> print 'Python-specific usage examples; begun with ">>>"' Python-specific usage examples; begun with ">>>" >>> print '(cut and pasted from interactive Python sessions)' (cut and pasted from interactive Python sessions)
[1] | (1, 2, 3) A footnote contains body elements, consistently indented by at least 3 spaces. This is the footnote's second paragraph. |
[2] | (1, 2) Footnotes may be numbered, either manually (as in [1]) or automatically using a "#"-prefixed label. This footnote has a label so it can be referred to from multiple places, both as a footnote reference ([2]) and as a hyperlink reference. |
[3] | This footnote is numbered automatically and anonymously using a label of "#" only. This is the second paragraph. And this is the third paragraph. |
[*] | Footnotes may also use symbols, specified with a "*" label. Here's a reference to the next footnote: [†]. |
[†] | This footnote shows the next symbol in the sequence. |
[4] | Here's an unreferenced footnote, with a reference to a nonexistent footnote: [5]_. |
[CIT2002] | (1, 2) Citations are text-labeled footnotes. They may be rendered separately and differently from footnotes. |
Here's a reference to the above, [CIT2002], and a [nonexistent]_ citation.
This paragraph is pointed to by the explicit "example" target. A reference can be found under Inline Markup, above. Inline hyperlink targets are also possible.
Section headers are implicit targets, referred to by name. See Targets, which is a subsection of Body Elements.
Explicit external targets are interpolated into references such as "Python [5]".
Targets may be indirect and anonymous. Thus this phrase may also refer to the Targets section.
Here's a `hyperlink reference without a target`_, which generates an error.
Duplicate names in section headers or other implicit targets will generate "info" (level-1) system messages. Duplicate names in explicit targets will generate "warning" (level-2) system messages.
Since there are two "Duplicate Target Names" section headers, we cannot uniquely refer to either of them by name. If we try to (like this: `Duplicate Target Names`_), an error is generated.
These are just a sample of the many reStructuredText Directives. For others, please see http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/ref/rst/directives.html.
An example of the "contents" directive can be seen above this section (a local, untitled table of contents) and at the beginning of the document (a document-wide table of contents).
An image directive (also clickable -- a hyperlink reference):
Image with multiple IDs:
A centered image:
A left-aligned image:
This paragraph might flow around the image. The specific behavior depends upon the style sheet and the browser or rendering software used.
A right-aligned image:
This paragraph might flow around the image. The specific behavior depends upon the style sheet and the browser or rendering software used.
For inline images see Substitution Definitions.
Image size:
An image 2 em wide:
An image 2 em wide and 15 pixel high:
An image occupying 50% of the line width:
An image 2 cm high:
A figure is an image with a caption and/or a legend. With page-based output media, figures might float to a different position if this helps the page layout.
re | Revised, revisited, based on 're' module. |
Structured | Structure-enhanced text, structuredtext. |
Text | Well it is, isn't it? |
This paragraph is also part of the legend.
A left-aligned figure:
This is the legend.
The legend may consist of several paragraphs.
This paragraph might flow around the figure.
The specific behavior depends upon the style sheet and the browser or rendering software used.
A centered figure:
This is the legend.
The legend may consist of several paragraphs.
This paragraph might flow around the figure.
The specific behavior depends upon the style sheet and the browser or rendering software used.
A right-aligned figure:
This is the legend.
The legend may consist of several paragraphs.
This paragraph might flow around the figure. The specific behavior depends upon the style sheet and the browser or rendering software used.
Attention!
Directives at large.
Caution!
Don't take any wooden nickels.
!DANGER!
Mad scientist at work!
Error
Does not compute.
Hint
It's bigger than a bread box.
Important
Note
This is a note.
Tip
15% if the service is good.
Warning
Strong prose may provoke extreme mental exertion. Reader discretion is strongly advised.
And, by the way...
You can make up your own admonition too.
Sidebars are like miniature, parallel documents.
A topic is like a block quote with a title, or a self-contained section with no subsections.
Topic Title
This is a topic.
A rubric is like an informal heading that doesn't correspond to the document's structure. It is typically highlighted in red (hence the name).
This is a rubric
Topics and rubrics can be used at places where a section title is not allowed (e.g. inside a directive).
[5] | (1, 2, 3, 4) http://www.python.org/ |
[6] | http://pygments.org/ |
[7] | http://docutils.sourceforge.net/ |
I recommend you try Python, the best language around [5].
Compound 1, paragraph 1.
Compound 1, paragraph 2.
Another compound statement:
Compound 2, a literal block:
Compound 2, literal.
Compound 2, this is a test.
Compound 3, only consisting of one paragraph.
Compound 4. This one starts with a literal block.
Compound 4, a paragraph.
Now something really perverted -- a nested compound block. This is just to test that it works at all; the results don't have to be meaningful.
Compound 5, block 1 (a paragraph).
Compound 6, block 2 in compound 5.
Compound 6, another paragraph.
Compound 5, block 3 (a paragraph).
Compound 7, with a table inside:
Left cell, first paragraph. Left cell, second paragraph. |
Middle cell, consisting of exactly one paragraph. | Right cell. Paragraph 2. Paragraph 3. |
Compound 7, a paragraph after the table.
Compound 7, another paragraph.
This is a parsed literal block. This line is indented. The next line is blank. Inline markup is supported, e.g. emphasis, strong, literal text, footnotes [1], hyperlink targets, and references.
Blocks of source code can be set with the code directive. If the code language is specified, the content is parsed and tagged by the Pygments [6] syntax highlighter and can be formatted with a style sheet. (Code parsing is turned off using the syntax-highlight config setting in the test conversions in order to get identical results with/without installed Pygments highlighter.)
print 'This is Python code.'
The :number-lines: option (with optional start value) generates line numbers:
8 # print integers from 0 to 9: 9 for i in range(10): 10 print i
For inline code snippets, there is the code role, which can be used directly (the code will not be parsed/tagged, as the language is not known) or as base for special code roles, e.g. the LaTeX code in the next paragraph.
Docutils uses LaTeX syntax for math directives and roles:
\alpha = f(x)
prints α = f(x).
The :code: option of the include directive sets the included content as a code block, here the rst file header_footer.txt with line numbers:
1 .. header:: Document header 2 .. footer:: Document footer
An inline image () example:
(Substitution definitions are not visible in the HTML source.)
This does not necessarily look nice, because there may be missing white space.
It's just there to freeze the behavior.
A test.Second test.This is the fourth test with myrawroleclass set.
Fifth test in HTML.paragraph 1
paragraph 2
This table has a cell spanning two columns:
Inputs | Output | |
---|---|---|
A | B | A or B |
False | False | False |
True | False | True |
False | True | True |
True | True | True |
Here's a table with cells spanning several rows:
Header row, column 1 (header rows optional) | Header 2 | Header 3 |
---|---|---|
body row 1, column 1 | column 2 | column 3 |
body row 2 | Cells may span rows. | Another rowspanning cell. |
body row 3 |
Here's a complex table, which should test all features.
Header row, column 1 (header rows optional) | Header 2 | Header 3 | Header 4 |
---|---|---|---|
body row 1, column 1 | column 2 | column 3 | column 4 |
body row 2 | Cells may span columns. | ||
body row 3 | Cells may span rows. Paragraph. |
|
|
body row 4 | |||
body row 5 | Cells may also be empty: --> |
Here's a list table exercising all features:
Treat | Quantity | Description |
---|---|---|
Albatross | 2.99 | On a stick! |
Crunchy Frog | 1.49 | If we took the bones out, it wouldn't be crunchy, now would it? |
Gannet Ripple | 1.99 | On a stick! |
A role based on an existing role.
one two three
A new role.
one two three
A role with class attribute.
interpreted text
A language-switching role:
Let's count in German eins zwei drei.
A role with multiple class attributes, styled with raw directives:
The following works in most browsers but does not validate (<style> is only allowed in the document head):
.. raw:: html <style type="text/css"><!-- .green {color: green;} .sc {font-variant: small-caps;} --></style>
British colourful text in small-caps.
Scalable vector graphics (SVG) images are the only standards-compliable way to include vector graphics in HTML documents. However, they are not supported by all backends/output formats. (E.g., LaTeX supports the PDF or Postscript formats for vector graphics instead.)
Rendering behaviour varies, depending on
The SVG image itself, e.g. fixed-size vs. scaling:
width="280" viewBox="0 0 280 27" height="27" width="100%" height="100%"
The method used to put the image in the document.
For HTML, there are several alternatives including:
The html4css1 writer uses <object> tags, the html-base and xhtml11 writers use <img> tags.
The viewing agent.
All up-to-date HTML browsers support SVG, however not all do this fully and in the same manner. Many older versions, especially IE < 9, have deficiencies or require plug-ins (i.e. don't support the <img> tag).
If the image is wrapped in <object> or <svg> tags, it depends on the viewBox declaration inside the images root <svg> element whether an SVG image is scaled or clipped/padded. Images wrapped in <img> are always scaled.
A scaling image (scales with the browser window), occupying 50% of the line width. The viewBox setting in the image file enables auto-scaling also in <object> tags and embedded SVG (if width and hight are set to 100% in the SVG <image> tag).
A fixed-size image in a box 50% wide and 15 pixles high. This image is scaled, if wrapped in an <img> tag but clipped in an <object> tag or within SVG.
A right aligned, scaling image 50% wide and 1.5 em high. (This SVG image keeps the aspect ratio.)
An inline image scaled to a height of 0.8 em.
A scaling image 1 em high, right aligned:
A scaling image 5 mm x 5 mm, centered, with hyperlink reference:
A fixed-size image in a 4 cm x 2 em box.
Older versions of webkit based browsers (chromium, safari, midori, konqueror) support the <img> tag but don't display contained bitmap images in this case.
A small, fixed-size SVG image with embedded bitmap, The :width: is set to 3 em in the rST source. Does not scale if wrapped in <object> tags.
A scaling SVG image with embedded bitmap, 3 em wide.
SVG images can also be put in figures:
Shockwave Flash is an image/movie format that most modern web browsers support via a plugin. It is sometimes blocked due to privacy/security concerns.
Images with extension .swf are placed inside <object> elements. For complete control over display options use raw HTML.
An SWF image in a 4 cm x 2 em box, left aligned.
An inline SWF image scaled to 0.8 em x 0.8 em.
Any errors caught during processing will generate system messages.
There should be five messages in the following, auto-generated section, "Docutils System Messages":